Music sequencers use the BPM system to denote tempo. Tempo is as crucial in contemporary music as it is in classical.
With the advent of modern electronics, BPM became an extremely precise measure.
Mathematical tempo markings in BPM became increasingly popular during the first half of the 19th century, after the metronome had been invented by Johann Nepomuk Mälzel, although early metronomes were somewhat inconsistent. Instead of beats per minute, some 20th-century composers (e.g., Béla Bartók, Alberto Ginastera, and John Cage) specify the total playing time for a piece, from which the performer can derive tempo. Allegro should certainly be quite a bit faster than andante, but it may not be exactly 120 beats per minute. For example, a metronome may have allegro marked at 120 beats per minute and andante marked at 80 beats per minute. Metronomes often come with other tempo indications written on them, but this is misleading. They can be estimated using a clock with a second hand, but the easiest way to find them is with a metronome, which is a tool that can give a beat-per-minute tempo as a clicking sound or a pulse of light. Metronome markings are given in beats per minute. For example, a tempo of 60 beats per minute signifies one beat per second, while a tempo of 120 beats per minute is twice as rapid. The greater the number of beats per minute, the smaller the amount of time between successive beats, and thus the faster a piece must be played. This means that a particular note value (for example, a quarter note) is specified as the beat, and that the amount of time between successive beats is a specified fraction of a minute. Tempo is the speed or pace of a piece. A piece of music's tempo is typically written at the start of the score, and in modern Western music is usually indicated in beats per minute (BPM).
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